TCP/IP Layers & Protocols

TCP/IP :-

           TCP/IP defines a large collection of protocols that allow computers to communicate. TCP/IP defines the details of each of these protocols inside document called Request For Comments(RFCs).  TCP/IP Classifies the various protocols into different categories.

TCP/IP Application Layer:-

                              The most popular TCP/IP application today is the web browser. Many major software vendors either have already changed or are changing their software to support access from a web browser. 

Taking a closer look, this example uses two TCP/IP application layer protocols. First the request for th file and the actual trasfer of the file are performed according to the Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP).

The TCP/IP Transport Layer:-

                           The TCP/IP application layer includes a relatively large number of protocols, with HTTP being only one of those. the TCP/IP transport layer consists of two main protocol options

1. Transmission Control Protocol(TCP)
2. User Control Protocol(UDP).

              TCP/IP needs a mechanism to guarantee delivery of data acrss a network. TCP provides that feature by using acknowledgments. The HTTP software asks for Tcp to reliably deliver the HTTP get request. TCP sends the HTTP data from Browser to Server, and the data arrives successfully. TCP software acknowledges receipt of the data and also gives the HTTP get request to the web server software.